81
Cyprian, 113, 116, 143, 144, 199
Cyrus the Great, 12, 72
Damascus, 58, 68, 84, 161, 217, 229
Dante, 249
Dark Ages, 214, 237–50, 340, 418; capitalism, 244–46; high culture, 248–50; moral progress, 247–48; myth of, 237–53; peasant religion, 255–72
Darwin, Charles, 276
Da Vinci, Leonardo, 249
Dawkins, Richard, 275, 294
Dead Sea Scrolls, 42
Decius, Gaius Messius, 141–44, 145; persecution of Christians, 141–44, 147
Deissman, Adolf, 96–98
Denmark, 329, 379–80
deprivation theory, 88
Descartes, René, 285
Deuteronomy, 123
dhimmis, 208–209
Diasporan Jews, 33, 62, 71–85, 162, 345, 417; conversion among, 71–85; Paul and, 75–77; women, 123–24
Diderot, Denis, 215, 252, 382
Diocletian, 144–46, 164, 188
Dionysius, 115, 117, 143
Dionysus, 15, 24, 82
disease, 105, 106, 111–12, 114–18; plagues, 114–18, 139
divine accommodation, 83, 292–94
divorce, 122–23, 128–29, 348
Dodd, C. H., 92, 198
Dominicans, 256, 308
Domitian, 28, 138, 139
Donatists, 176–77, 179, 306
Donatus, 176–77
d’Oresme, Nicole, 279, 285
Drake, H. A., 184, 188, 189
Druids, 16
Eastern Christianity, 161, 169, 176, 199–211, 217; destruction of, 199–211, 217; dhimmis, 208–209. See also specific countries
economy, 244, 320, 383, 384; emergence of capitalism, 244–46, 320, 331
ecstasy, 18
Edessa, County of, 224, 225
Egypt, 12, 13, 14, 15–16, 18, 29, 37, 38, 72, 133, 142, 202–203, 226, 232; Christians persecuted in, 202–209, 217
Einstein, Albert, 287, 291
empiricism, 283; Scholastic, 283–84
Engels, Friedrich, 87
England, 102, 103, 176, 196, 229, 233, 348, 377, 387; anti-Catholicism, 336, 337; colonialism, 233; Leftism, 382; medieval, 242, 256, 258, 259, 260, 263, 263, 281, 311; royal self-interest, 329; sodomy, 349; witch hunts, 340
Enlightenment, 183, 214, 229, 238, 240, 249, 250, 252–53, 274, 340; myth of secular, 252–53
Ephesus, 66, 94
Episcopalians, 360, 361, 411
Erasmus, Desiderius, 262, 316
Erastus, 55–56
Essenes, 40, 42, 57, 101
Euclid, 251
Europe, 4, 5, 167–234, 354, 370; colonialism, 213, 215–16, 233–34, 393; consolidating Christian, 167–234; Crusades, 213–34; “Dark Ages,” 237–50; “enlightened” churches, 379–81; fertility rates, 384–85; Inquisition, 333–50; lazy churches, 376–79; Leftist politics, 382–83; Reformations, 315–32, 416; secularization and, 375–85. See also specific countries
Eusebius, 65, 144, 178, 187, 301; Life of Constantine, 173–74, 175; The Martyrs of Palestine, 146–47, 152
evil, 11, 12
Exodus, 72, 124, 293
Ezekiel, 102–103
Fabian, Pope, 143
Fabians, 102
Ferdinand and Isabella, 328, 333, 346
fertility, 80, 157, 384–85; Greco-Roman, 129–33
feudalism, demise of, 320
First Crusade, 154, 213, 217, 222, 226, 306, 307
Flagellants, 313
Florence, 238, 252, 281
Fox, John, 180, 334
France, 103, 154, 217, 219, 322, 328, 348, 349, 374, 377; Calvinism, 338; colonialism, 233; Leftism, 382–83; medieval, 242, 261, 281, 311–12; Revolution, 382; royal self-interest, 328; War of Religion, 101
Francis, St., 307–308, 312
Franciscans, 228, 308
Francis I, King of France, 328
Franks, 217, 232, 243, 247
Fraticelli, 313
Free Imperial Cities, 327, 329
Frend, W. H. C., 76–77, 146, 180
Fulcher of Chartres, 154
Fulk III, Count of Anjou, 223
Galatians, 76, 199, 413
Galen, 114, 118, 151
Galerius, 145, 146
Galilee, 34, 36, 37, 50, 52, 53, 58, 106, 155, 158
Galileo Galilei, 288–92; Assayer, 289; Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, 290–91
Gallienus, 139, 144, 145
Gamaliel, 52, 92
gender, 20, 124–25; sex ratios and fertility, 129–33; women in early Christianity, 121–36
Genesis, 292–93, 294
Geneva Convention, 232
Gentiles, 64, 413–14; conversion, 71, 76, 79, 80–85
geography, of Christian growth, 158–59, 160, 161–62
Germany, 229, 377, 378; Holy Roman Emperors, 301, 327; Lutheran, 256–59, 261, 263, 265, 316–32; medieval, 256–59, 261, 265, 281, 301, 310–12
Gibbon, Edward, 183–84, 188, 192, 207, 215, 237–38, 240, 248, 252, 274; The
Cyprian, 113, 116, 143, 144, 199
Cyrus the Great, 12, 72
Damascus, 58, 68, 84, 161, 217, 229
Dante, 249
Dark Ages, 214, 237–50, 340, 418; capitalism, 244–46; high culture, 248–50; moral progress, 247–48; myth of, 237–53; peasant religion, 255–72
Darwin, Charles, 276
Da Vinci, Leonardo, 249
Dawkins, Richard, 275, 294
Dead Sea Scrolls, 42
Decius, Gaius Messius, 141–44, 145; persecution of Christians, 141–44, 147
Deissman, Adolf, 96–98
Denmark, 329, 379–80
deprivation theory, 88
Descartes, René, 285
Deuteronomy, 123
dhimmis, 208–209
Diasporan Jews, 33, 62, 71–85, 162, 345, 417; conversion among, 71–85; Paul and, 75–77; women, 123–24
Diderot, Denis, 215, 252, 382
Diocletian, 144–46, 164, 188
Dionysius, 115, 117, 143
Dionysus, 15, 24, 82
disease, 105, 106, 111–12, 114–18; plagues, 114–18, 139
divine accommodation, 83, 292–94
divorce, 122–23, 128–29, 348
Dodd, C. H., 92, 198
Dominicans, 256, 308
Domitian, 28, 138, 139
Donatists, 176–77, 179, 306
Donatus, 176–77
d’Oresme, Nicole, 279, 285
Drake, H. A., 184, 188, 189
Druids, 16
Eastern Christianity, 161, 169, 176, 199–211, 217; destruction of, 199–211, 217; dhimmis, 208–209. See also specific countries
economy, 244, 320, 383, 384; emergence of capitalism, 244–46, 320, 331
ecstasy, 18
Edessa, County of, 224, 225
Egypt, 12, 13, 14, 15–16, 18, 29, 37, 38, 72, 133, 142, 202–203, 226, 232; Christians persecuted in, 202–209, 217
Einstein, Albert, 287, 291
empiricism, 283; Scholastic, 283–84
Engels, Friedrich, 87
England, 102, 103, 176, 196, 229, 233, 348, 377, 387; anti-Catholicism, 336, 337; colonialism, 233; Leftism, 382; medieval, 242, 256, 258, 259, 260, 263, 263, 281, 311; royal self-interest, 329; sodomy, 349; witch hunts, 340
Enlightenment, 183, 214, 229, 238, 240, 249, 250, 252–53, 274, 340; myth of secular, 252–53
Ephesus, 66, 94
Episcopalians, 360, 361, 411
Erasmus, Desiderius, 262, 316
Erastus, 55–56
Essenes, 40, 42, 57, 101
Euclid, 251
Europe, 4, 5, 167–234, 354, 370; colonialism, 213, 215–16, 233–34, 393; consolidating Christian, 167–234; Crusades, 213–34; “Dark Ages,” 237–50; “enlightened” churches, 379–81; fertility rates, 384–85; Inquisition, 333–50; lazy churches, 376–79; Leftist politics, 382–83; Reformations, 315–32, 416; secularization and, 375–85. See also specific countries
Eusebius, 65, 144, 178, 187, 301; Life of Constantine, 173–74, 175; The Martyrs of Palestine, 146–47, 152
evil, 11, 12
Exodus, 72, 124, 293
Ezekiel, 102–103
Fabian, Pope, 143
Fabians, 102
Ferdinand and Isabella, 328, 333, 346
fertility, 80, 157, 384–85; Greco-Roman, 129–33
feudalism, demise of, 320
First Crusade, 154, 213, 217, 222, 226, 306, 307
Flagellants, 313
Florence, 238, 252, 281
Fox, John, 180, 334
France, 103, 154, 217, 219, 322, 328, 348, 349, 374, 377; Calvinism, 338; colonialism, 233; Leftism, 382–83; medieval, 242, 261, 281, 311–12; Revolution, 382; royal self-interest, 328; War of Religion, 101
Francis, St., 307–308, 312
Franciscans, 228, 308
Francis I, King of France, 328
Franks, 217, 232, 243, 247
Fraticelli, 313
Free Imperial Cities, 327, 329
Frend, W. H. C., 76–77, 146, 180
Fulcher of Chartres, 154
Fulk III, Count of Anjou, 223
Galatians, 76, 199, 413
Galen, 114, 118, 151
Galerius, 145, 146
Galilee, 34, 36, 37, 50, 52, 53, 58, 106, 155, 158
Galileo Galilei, 288–92; Assayer, 289; Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, 290–91
Gallienus, 139, 144, 145
Gamaliel, 52, 92
gender, 20, 124–25; sex ratios and fertility, 129–33; women in early Christianity, 121–36
Genesis, 292–93, 294
Geneva Convention, 232
Gentiles, 64, 413–14; conversion, 71, 76, 79, 80–85
geography, of Christian growth, 158–59, 160, 161–62
Germany, 229, 377, 378; Holy Roman Emperors, 301, 327; Lutheran, 256–59, 261, 263, 265, 316–32; medieval, 256–59, 261, 265, 281, 301, 310–12
Gibbon, Edward, 183–84, 188, 192, 207, 215, 237–38, 240, 248, 252, 274; The
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