Teorías sobre la plusvalía (Tomo IV de El Capital) vol. II by Karl Marx

D’Avenant, «Discourses on the Publick Revenues etc.», Part II, Londres, 1698.)
    104. «Das Gesetz von 1773»…, «ging von der avowed Intention aus, den Korn-preis für unsere manufacturers zu erniedrigen, um durch encouragement of Foreign importation unser eigenes Volk at a cheaper rate zu setzen.» (p. 50, [ Anderson ] « A calm Investigation of the circumstances that have led to the present scarcity of grain in Britain », Londres, 1801.) [552]
    107. «I shall greatly regret that considerations for any particular class , are allowed to check the progress of the wealth and population of the country.» (p. 49, Ricardo , « An Essay on the Influence of a low Price of Corn on the Profits of Stock, etc .», Londres, 1815, 2nd. ed.)
    107. «That some capital would be lost cannot be disputed, but is the possession or preservation of capital the end, or the means? The means, undoubtedly. What we want is an abundance of commodities»… «and if it could be proved that by the sacrifice of a part of our capital we should augment the annual produce » (la producción anual) «of those objects which contribute to our enjoyment and happiness, we ought not to repine at the loss of a part of our capital », (p. 60, « On protection to Agriculture », 4th. ed., Londres, 1822.)
    107. «To an individual with a capital of 20.000 £, whose profits were 2.000 £ per annum, it would be a matter quite indifferent whether his capital would employ a hundred or a thousand men, whether the commodity produced, sold for 10.000 £, or for 20.000 £, provided, in all cases, his profits were not diminished below 2.000 £. Is not the real interest of the nation similar? Provided its net real income, its rent and profits be the same, it is of no importance whether the nation consists of 10 or of 12 millions of inhabitants.» (p. 416, «Principles of Political Economy», 3d. ed.)
    117. «In an improved state of agriculture produce may be raised on the second or third quality of land at as little cost as it could under the old system upon the first quality.» ( Sir Edw. West , « Price of Corn and Wages of Labour », Londres, 1826, p. 98.)
    118. «Das principle of competition macht 2 rates of profit unmöglich in demselben Land; aber das bestimmt die relative rents , aber nicht den general average of rent .» (p. 30, Th. Hopk [ ins ], « On Rent of Land, and its Influence on Subsistence and Population », Londres, 1828.)
    118. «If all labourers were employed for the same end, or object, as the diamond cutter and the opera singer, in a short time there would be no wealth to subsist them, because none of the wealth produced would then become capital . If a considerable proportion were so employed, wages would be low; because, but a comparatively small part of what was produced would be used as capital; but if only a few of the labourers were so employed, and, of course, nearly all were ploughmen, shoemakers, weavers etc., then much capital would be produced, and wages could be proportionally high.» ( l. c ., p. 84, 85.) «With the diamond cutter and the singer, must be classed all those who labour for the landlords, or annuitants, and who receive a part of their income as wages: all, in fact, whose labours terminate merely in producing those things which gratify landlords and annuitants, and who receive in return for their labours a part of the rent of the landlord, or of the income of the annuitant. These are all productive labourers, but all their labours are for the purpose of converting the wealth which exists, in the shape of rents and annuities, into some other form, that shall, in that other form, more gratify the landlord and annuitant, and therefore they are secondary producers. All other labourers are primary producers.» ( l. c ., p. 85.)
    119. «In Irland nach mäßiger Berechnung und dem Zensus von 1821 das whole net produce, das an den landlord geth, government and tithe-owners 20 3/4 Millionen £, die whole wages aber nur 14.114.000 £.»