A Workbook to Communicative Grammar of English by Dr. Edward Woods, Rudy Coppieters
Authors: Dr. Edward Woods, Rudy Coppieters
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quantifiers, pronouns and interrogatives:
I met somebody else ./Who else was there?
– nouns or noun phrases:
Our journey home was uneventful./We had left the day before .
• complements of prepositions:
Keep all that stuff for later ./The snake was in there .
Task one *
Identify the adverbs (12 in all) in the following text.
Saying Tajikistan’s borders are “soft” would be too kind. Foreign diplomats and local journalists say the place is effectively run by a coalition of feudal warlords largely financed, directly or otherwise, by the drug trade. The country derives fully a third of its GDP from the heroin industry, according to U.N. estimates. Even so, Tajikistan’s senior narcotics officer must be doing something right. Why else would a gang of gunmen have attacked his apartment in Dushanbe back in March?
(from Newsweek , 17 September 2001, p. 22)
Task two **
Classify the above adverbs on the basis of their function, i.e. in terms of the elements they modify.
Example: I knew pretty well what I was doing .
⇒ (pretty) well : adverbial in sentence
⇒ pretty : premodifier (of adverb)
Task three **
Fill the gaps in the following text, using one of the adverbs below:
ago
almost
beautifully
certainly
far
however
just
mainly
more
nearly
never
normally
only
still
well
Note: never and still are to be used twice
As ___________ as roles are concerned, most people assume that a family’s financial situation is not _______________ the responsibility of the man. On the other hand, they would _______________ ______________ compliment the woman, not the man, on a ______________ decorated or _______________-kept house. Everyday care of the children is _________________ seen as ________________ the woman’s responsibility. Although ______________ as many women have jobs as men, _____________ half of the jobs done by women are part-time. In fact, the majority of mothers with children under the age of twelve either have no job or work _________________ during school hours. Men _________________ take a ______________ active domestic role than they did forty years _______________. Some things, __________________, ________________ seem to change. A comparison of child-rearing habits of the 1950s and the 1980s showed that the proportion of men who ______________ changed a baby’s nappy had remained the same (40 per cent)!
(from James O’Driscoll, Britain , p. 51)
Task four **
Replace the underlined parts by alternative collocations (with adverbs) which are equivalent in meaning.
Example: We had very little time to make up our minds .
⇒ We had hardly any time to make up our minds .
1. I want to spend my holidays at some other place this year.
2. The organization was sufficiently powerful to strike back again.
3. What an impertinent young man Tony is!
4. There were very few people around at that moment.
5. I was familiar enough with local customs to appreciate their importance.
6. How ludicrous an idea it was!
7. Surprisingly, there was hardly any food left in the refrigerator.
8. Under the circumstances there was no other person I could turn to.
9. Wilma was too inexperienced a pilot to fly a jumbo jet.
10. Ronald is an honest stockbroker and would never cheat you out of your money.
7.2. Adverbials – Introduction
Sections 449–452
Adverbials give extra information about an action, happening or state as described by the rest of the sentence.
Adverbials have a number of different forms:
• adverbs, adverb phrases, noun phrases, prepositional phrases
• finite clauses, non-finite clauses (infinitives, - ing and - ed participles), verbless clauses.
Most adverbials are mobile, so that they can occur in different places in the sentence:
• front-position (FP): before the subject
• mid-position (MP): before the main verb occurring on its own, after an unstressed operator, before a stressed operator
• end-position (EP): after the verb (and its object and/or complement, if
I met somebody else ./Who else was there?
– nouns or noun phrases:
Our journey home was uneventful./We had left the day before .
• complements of prepositions:
Keep all that stuff for later ./The snake was in there .
Task one *
Identify the adverbs (12 in all) in the following text.
Saying Tajikistan’s borders are “soft” would be too kind. Foreign diplomats and local journalists say the place is effectively run by a coalition of feudal warlords largely financed, directly or otherwise, by the drug trade. The country derives fully a third of its GDP from the heroin industry, according to U.N. estimates. Even so, Tajikistan’s senior narcotics officer must be doing something right. Why else would a gang of gunmen have attacked his apartment in Dushanbe back in March?
(from Newsweek , 17 September 2001, p. 22)
Task two **
Classify the above adverbs on the basis of their function, i.e. in terms of the elements they modify.
Example: I knew pretty well what I was doing .
⇒ (pretty) well : adverbial in sentence
⇒ pretty : premodifier (of adverb)
Task three **
Fill the gaps in the following text, using one of the adverbs below:
ago
almost
beautifully
certainly
far
however
just
mainly
more
nearly
never
normally
only
still
well
Note: never and still are to be used twice
As ___________ as roles are concerned, most people assume that a family’s financial situation is not _______________ the responsibility of the man. On the other hand, they would _______________ ______________ compliment the woman, not the man, on a ______________ decorated or _______________-kept house. Everyday care of the children is _________________ seen as ________________ the woman’s responsibility. Although ______________ as many women have jobs as men, _____________ half of the jobs done by women are part-time. In fact, the majority of mothers with children under the age of twelve either have no job or work _________________ during school hours. Men _________________ take a ______________ active domestic role than they did forty years _______________. Some things, __________________, ________________ seem to change. A comparison of child-rearing habits of the 1950s and the 1980s showed that the proportion of men who ______________ changed a baby’s nappy had remained the same (40 per cent)!
(from James O’Driscoll, Britain , p. 51)
Task four **
Replace the underlined parts by alternative collocations (with adverbs) which are equivalent in meaning.
Example: We had very little time to make up our minds .
⇒ We had hardly any time to make up our minds .
1. I want to spend my holidays at some other place this year.
2. The organization was sufficiently powerful to strike back again.
3. What an impertinent young man Tony is!
4. There were very few people around at that moment.
5. I was familiar enough with local customs to appreciate their importance.
6. How ludicrous an idea it was!
7. Surprisingly, there was hardly any food left in the refrigerator.
8. Under the circumstances there was no other person I could turn to.
9. Wilma was too inexperienced a pilot to fly a jumbo jet.
10. Ronald is an honest stockbroker and would never cheat you out of your money.
7.2. Adverbials – Introduction
Sections 449–452
Adverbials give extra information about an action, happening or state as described by the rest of the sentence.
Adverbials have a number of different forms:
• adverbs, adverb phrases, noun phrases, prepositional phrases
• finite clauses, non-finite clauses (infinitives, - ing and - ed participles), verbless clauses.
Most adverbials are mobile, so that they can occur in different places in the sentence:
• front-position (FP): before the subject
• mid-position (MP): before the main verb occurring on its own, after an unstressed operator, before a stressed operator
• end-position (EP): after the verb (and its object and/or complement, if
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