A Workbook to Communicative Grammar of English by Dr. Edward Woods, Rudy Coppieters Page B
Authors: Dr. Edward Woods, Rudy Coppieters
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Task three **
Complete the following sentences, using the most appropriate of the time-when adverbials listed below. Any missing prepositions are still to be added.
again
August
half-past nine
July
this autumn
three years later
when I get back indoors
3.30 a.m .
11 May 1926
14 May
1. The midnight sun is shining brightly when I climb into a bunk ______________, and equally brightly when I wake _____________.
2. I ask Jack if the snow ever disappears.
‘Oh yes,’ he assures me, ‘it melts ____________. And starts snowing _______________ ________________.
3. Roald Amundsen’s airship Norge left Ny Alesund ____________ and landed in North America _____________, after a journey of over 3000 miles. ________________ Amundsen died in the Arctic attempting to rescue his friend Nobile.
4. I stumble outside clutching my toothbrush (…). _____________ Harald is off the phone and preparing coffee. ______________, he tells me, he will be celebrating fifteen years at Kap Wik.
(adapted from Michael Palin, Pole to Pole , pp. 4–12)
7.4. Time-when 2
Sections 156–160
Time relationships can be indicated by a variety of prepositions, adverbs and conjunctions:
• before/after the war; by Friday; before(hand)/afterwards; before/after/when/as it happened
• already; still; yet; any more .
Time measurement expressions include phrases such as:
• three years ago ; (in) three years from now ; in three years ; in three years’ time .
Time-when adverbs like again, now, today , etc. identify a point or period of time directly, while adverbs like afterwards, later, next , etc. do so indirectly.
Time-when clauses are introduced by conjunctions like when, after, as, before , etc.
Task one **
Complete the following sentences by inserting one or two of the time–when adverbials listed below. In most cases a pair of (correlating) adverbials are to be added.
a few years from now
after the collapse of communism
already ; by the end of 1999
before he was succeeded by Bill Clinton
earlier that month ; after a while
first ; afterwards
hours ago ; by now
soon ; previously
still ; yet
two weeks ago ; since
1. I decided to talk to my wife and see my solicitor.
2. Over 170 nations had signed the non-proliferation treaty.
3. The European Union may well consist of about twenty-five member states.
4. George Bush Sr. was President of the United States.
5. The missing girl left home and has not been seen.
6. The Boeing 747 took off from Dubai Airport, so it should have landed in Delhi.
7. The situation in Eastern Europe began to change very fast.
8. I don’t know whether a solution has been found.
9. Hostilities had resumed, but fortunately things quietened down.
10. We were to learn that the suspect had been convicted of drugs trafficking.
Task two **
Combine the following pairs of sentences, turning the second sentence into an adverbial clause and using each of the conjunctions listed below just once. The sentence parts in square brackets are NOT to be included.
after as as soon as before now that once since until when while
Example: I went to see several specialists [last month] .
I decided to have a pacemaker implanted [early this week] .
⇒ I went to see several specialists before I decided to have a pacemaker implanted .
1. I met Sheila [three years ago].
I was 17 years old [then].
2. The tourists picnicked in the city’s main park [at noon].
They visited a local museum [at 2 p.m.].
3. Two wings of the castle were destroyed by fire [early this morning].
It was struck by lightning [around midnight].
4. I will phone you [soon].
I [have to] finish this repair work [first].
5. The car crash happened [on Sunday evening].
It was raining heavily [all evening].
6. We can all heave a sigh of relief [now].
The worst of the storm is over [now].
7. Steering a canoe is relatively easy.
You [should] get the hang of it [first].
8. The patient’s condition seemed to stabilize
Task three **
Complete the following sentences, using the most appropriate of the time-when adverbials listed below. Any missing prepositions are still to be added.
again
August
half-past nine
July
this autumn
three years later
when I get back indoors
3.30 a.m .
11 May 1926
14 May
1. The midnight sun is shining brightly when I climb into a bunk ______________, and equally brightly when I wake _____________.
2. I ask Jack if the snow ever disappears.
‘Oh yes,’ he assures me, ‘it melts ____________. And starts snowing _______________ ________________.
3. Roald Amundsen’s airship Norge left Ny Alesund ____________ and landed in North America _____________, after a journey of over 3000 miles. ________________ Amundsen died in the Arctic attempting to rescue his friend Nobile.
4. I stumble outside clutching my toothbrush (…). _____________ Harald is off the phone and preparing coffee. ______________, he tells me, he will be celebrating fifteen years at Kap Wik.
(adapted from Michael Palin, Pole to Pole , pp. 4–12)
7.4. Time-when 2
Sections 156–160
Time relationships can be indicated by a variety of prepositions, adverbs and conjunctions:
• before/after the war; by Friday; before(hand)/afterwards; before/after/when/as it happened
• already; still; yet; any more .
Time measurement expressions include phrases such as:
• three years ago ; (in) three years from now ; in three years ; in three years’ time .
Time-when adverbs like again, now, today , etc. identify a point or period of time directly, while adverbs like afterwards, later, next , etc. do so indirectly.
Time-when clauses are introduced by conjunctions like when, after, as, before , etc.
Task one **
Complete the following sentences by inserting one or two of the time–when adverbials listed below. In most cases a pair of (correlating) adverbials are to be added.
a few years from now
after the collapse of communism
already ; by the end of 1999
before he was succeeded by Bill Clinton
earlier that month ; after a while
first ; afterwards
hours ago ; by now
soon ; previously
still ; yet
two weeks ago ; since
1. I decided to talk to my wife and see my solicitor.
2. Over 170 nations had signed the non-proliferation treaty.
3. The European Union may well consist of about twenty-five member states.
4. George Bush Sr. was President of the United States.
5. The missing girl left home and has not been seen.
6. The Boeing 747 took off from Dubai Airport, so it should have landed in Delhi.
7. The situation in Eastern Europe began to change very fast.
8. I don’t know whether a solution has been found.
9. Hostilities had resumed, but fortunately things quietened down.
10. We were to learn that the suspect had been convicted of drugs trafficking.
Task two **
Combine the following pairs of sentences, turning the second sentence into an adverbial clause and using each of the conjunctions listed below just once. The sentence parts in square brackets are NOT to be included.
after as as soon as before now that once since until when while
Example: I went to see several specialists [last month] .
I decided to have a pacemaker implanted [early this week] .
⇒ I went to see several specialists before I decided to have a pacemaker implanted .
1. I met Sheila [three years ago].
I was 17 years old [then].
2. The tourists picnicked in the city’s main park [at noon].
They visited a local museum [at 2 p.m.].
3. Two wings of the castle were destroyed by fire [early this morning].
It was struck by lightning [around midnight].
4. I will phone you [soon].
I [have to] finish this repair work [first].
5. The car crash happened [on Sunday evening].
It was raining heavily [all evening].
6. We can all heave a sigh of relief [now].
The worst of the storm is over [now].
7. Steering a canoe is relatively easy.
You [should] get the hang of it [first].
8. The patient’s condition seemed to stabilize
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