The Republican Brain

The Republican Brain by is Mooney Page B

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Republicans.” (Aaron McCright and Riley Dunlap, “The Politicization of Climate Change and Polarization in the American Public’s View of Global Warming, 2001–2010,” The Sociological Quarterly , 52, p. 155–194, 2011.)
    You could go on like this for some time. The point is that on climate change, the more highly engaged, informed, and educated are less amenable to changing their beliefs in the face of the evidence. And this is hardly the only issue where that’s the case.
    48 the claim that President Obama is a Muslim John Sides, “Why Do More People Think Obama is a Muslim?” The Washington Post , August 26, 2010. http://voices.washingtonpost.com/ezra-klein/2010/08/why_do_more_people_think_obama.html .
    48 “ death panels” Brendan Nyhan, “Why the ‘Death Panel’ Myth Wouldn’t Die: Misinformation in the Healthcare Reform Debate,” The Forum , Volume 8, Issue 1, 2010. Available online at http://www.dartmouth.edu/~nyhan/health-care-misinformation.pdf .
    49 “education problem” Ben Geman, “White House official cites ‘education problem’ on climate,” The Hill , January 30, 2011. http://thehill.com/blogs/e2-wire/e2-wire/141143-white-house-official-cites-capitol-hill-education-problem-on-climate-
    49 clever way to test it Kahan et al, “The Tragedy of the Risk-Perception Commons: Culture Conflict, Rationality Conflict, and Climate Change,” Cultural Cognition Working Paper No. 89, 2011, available online at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1871503 .
    51 “I reached this pro-capital punishment decision” Interview with Jon Krosnick, January 6, 2011.
    51 “their life is going to go less well” Interview with Dan Kahan, January 7, 2011.
    52 a little bit wrong and still alive Michael Shermer, The Believing Brain: From Ghosts and Gods to Politics and Conspiracies, How We Construct Beliefs and Reinforce Them as Truths , New York: Henry Holt/Times Books, 2011.
    52 reasoning about reasoning all wrong Hugo Mercier and Dan Sperber, “Why do humans reason? Arguments for an argumentative theory,” Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 2011 (34), 57–111.
    52 “hands were made for walking” Hugo Mercier, “The Argumentative Theory of Reasoning,” https://sites.google.com/site/hugomercier/theargumentativetheoryofreasoning .
    54 liberals have also been shown to engage in motivated reasoning See for instance Geoffrey Cohen, “Party Over Policy: The Dominating Impact of Group Influence on Political Beliefs,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 2003, Vol. 85, No. 5, 808–822.
    54 don’t seem to examine Taber & Lodge, “Motivated Skepticism in the Evaluation of Political Beliefs,” American Journal of Political Science , Vol. 50, Number 3, July 2006, pp. 755–769.
    54 find the two groups to be equally biased See for instance Geoffrey Cohen, “Party Over Policy: The Dominating Impact of Group Influence on Political Beliefs,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 2003, Vol. 85, No. 5, 808–822.

Part Two
    The “Nature” Hypothesis: Dangerous Certainty

Chapter Three
    Political Personalities
    If you really don’t like a scientific result—if it injures your sense of self, or threatens the group with which you associate—the evidence presented in the last two chapters suggests that you will exercise a disconfirmation bias. You will vigorously attack the study, seek to refute it, challenge its funding sources, and hurl any other argument that seems to disparage the finding and, perhaps, those who produced it.
    If you don’t believe me, go read a blog sometime.
    In 2003, a fairly dramatic version of this phenomenon emerged in response to a lengthy and dense study published in the journal Psychological Bulletin , which is put out by the American Psychological Association and is one of the most influential

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