The Gestapo and German Society: Enforcing Racial Policy 1933-1945 by Robert Gellately Page A
Authors: Robert Gellately
Tags: History, European, Reference, Race relations, Politics & Social Sciences, Sociology, Social Sciences, Germany, Europe, Law, Law Enforcement, Politics & Government, Specific Topics, Criminal Law, International & World Politics, Discrimination & Racism
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Kulka, "'Public Opinion" in National Socialist Germany and the "Jewish Question"'. Zion, 40 (1975), p. xliii.
See Helmut Genschel. Die Verdra'ngung der Juden aus der Wirtschaft im Dritten Riech (Gottingen, 1966), 45ff.
Karl A. Schleunes, The Twisted Road to Auschwitz: Nazi Policy toward German Jews 1933-39 (Urbana, III., 1970). 84IT.: Genschel, 5 1f.
" He is quoted in Schleunes, 88. Goebbels, in self-delusion or otherwise, records the 'success' of the boycott in his diary and the direct role Hitler played in the whole affair: see Goebbels, My Part in Germany's Fight, 236ff. For a sample of the publicity leading up to the boycott see Das Schwarzbuch: Tatsachen and Dokumente. Die Lage der Juden in Deutschland 193_3, ed. Comit6 des Delegations Juives (Paris, 1934: repr. Frankfurt, 1983). 292ff•
'GSA: HA/Rep. 9oP: Gestapo Aachen, LB. 5 Sept. 19,35: Gestapo Dusseldorf. LB, 5 May 19 3.5.
Heinrich Uhlig, Die Warenhduser im Dritten Reich (Cologne, 1956). 209. See also Heinrich August Winkler, Mittelstand, Demokratie and Nationalsozialismus (Cologne, 1972), 183IT.
Kershaw, Popular Opinion, 277.
9 Schleunes, 89; Flade. Wurzburger iuden, 264-6; Schultheis, 46-7.
StA W: NSDAP/GL/XII/2, 13 Oct. 1933.
" Ophir and Wiesemann (eds.), 24.
z See e.g. letter of 5 Oct. 1933 in StA W: LRA/3261: Bad Bruckenau.
" Bay HStA: MA 1'06680: RP report. 7 May 1'935, repr. in Broszat et al. (eds.), Bayern in der NS-Zeit, i. 442; cf. LHA Ko: 441/28264: RP report, 5 Dec. 1'935.
" Flade, Wurzburger Juden, 2 76-7.
' GSA: HA/Rep. 9oP: Gestapo Recklinghausen, 6 June 1'935; cf. Gestapo Aachen, 8 May 1'935•
" Bay HStA: MA io6694: RP report io Oct. 1935, repr. in Broszat et al. (eds.), Bayern in der NS-Zeit, i. 456.
"StA W: NSDAP/GL/XII/6: Hundsfeld, 18 June 1937. For nearby Hesse see HHStA: Abt 483/6741: letter to Gestapo Kassel from Landrat Gelnhausen, 3o Nov. 1937.
'" StA W: LRA Bad Neustadt 125/5, GS Bischofsheim, 28 Jan. 1938, also cited in Kershaw, Popular Opinion, 243. In the same village, however, violence against the Jews was occasionally reported: see Bay HStA: MA io6 681: report of RP, io Nov. 1938.
19 StA W: NSDAP/GL/XII/1, 9 Oct. 1934. Thirteen towns and villages are mentioned.
22 See StA W: LRA Bad Neustadt, 125/4.1 Dec. 1936, also in Kershaw, Popular Opinion, 240.
24 See Genschel, 112-13: Adam, /udenpolitik, 123-4.
21 See chs. 5 and 6.
21 StAW: NSDAP/GL/XII/1: GS Geiselbach. 6 Apr. 1935. For similar complaints that antiSemitic signs would backfire see GSA:HA/Rep. 9oP: Gestapo Koblenz, 5 July 1935. See StA W: NSDAP/GL/XII/1 for the Wurzburg ban. For Hess see BAK: Sammlung Schumacher, 240, Il.
23 Genschel, 1o5ff.: Uwe Dietrich Adam, Judenpolitik im Dritten Reich (Dusseldorf, 1972), 1224.
zi Quoted in Kershaw, The 'Hitler Myth', 2 36.
26 The law is reprinted in Hirsch, Majer, and Meinck (eds.), 350-I.
27 The Times (London), 8 Nov. 1935•
z" See e.g. BAK: R58/6o4: Gestapo Hanover. 4 Mar. 1936.
:v See Abraham Margaliot, The Reaction of the Jewish Public in Germany to the Nuremberg Laws', Yad Vashem Studies, 12 (1977), 75R•
" Bay HStA: MA 106687, i May 1936, also in Broszat et al. (eds.), Bayern in der NS-Zeit, i. 460-1.
74 Otto Dov Kulka is preparing an edition of these records. For a critique of the material see his 'Die Niirnberger Rassengesetze and die deutsche Bevolkerung im Lichte Geheimer NS-Lage- and Stimmungsberichte'. VJZ 32 (1984). 582f
LHA Ko: 441/28267, Gestapo Koblenz report, 4 Oct. 1935.
3z Sopade, ii. (Aug. 1935), 996-7.
KLB vi. 84.
17 Ibid.: Gestapo Aachen, 5 Sept. 1935; cf. ibid.: Gestapo Recklinghausen, 6 June '935.
GSA:HA/Rep. 9oP: Gestapo Osnabruck, 4 Sept. 1935.
S~' Ibid.: Gestapo Munster, 6 Nov. 1935.
" See ibid.: Gestapo Munster (Oct. report); Dortmund (Sept. report): and Nov. reports from Magdeburg and Kassel.
Bay HStA: MA io6697, 3 Apr. 1936: also in Broszat et al. (eds.), Bayern in der NS-Zeit, i. 460•
41 Bay HStA: MA io668o, 8 Oct. 1935•
4'
See Helmut Genschel. Die Verdra'ngung der Juden aus der Wirtschaft im Dritten Riech (Gottingen, 1966), 45ff.
Karl A. Schleunes, The Twisted Road to Auschwitz: Nazi Policy toward German Jews 1933-39 (Urbana, III., 1970). 84IT.: Genschel, 5 1f.
" He is quoted in Schleunes, 88. Goebbels, in self-delusion or otherwise, records the 'success' of the boycott in his diary and the direct role Hitler played in the whole affair: see Goebbels, My Part in Germany's Fight, 236ff. For a sample of the publicity leading up to the boycott see Das Schwarzbuch: Tatsachen and Dokumente. Die Lage der Juden in Deutschland 193_3, ed. Comit6 des Delegations Juives (Paris, 1934: repr. Frankfurt, 1983). 292ff•
'GSA: HA/Rep. 9oP: Gestapo Aachen, LB. 5 Sept. 19,35: Gestapo Dusseldorf. LB, 5 May 19 3.5.
Heinrich Uhlig, Die Warenhduser im Dritten Reich (Cologne, 1956). 209. See also Heinrich August Winkler, Mittelstand, Demokratie and Nationalsozialismus (Cologne, 1972), 183IT.
Kershaw, Popular Opinion, 277.
9 Schleunes, 89; Flade. Wurzburger iuden, 264-6; Schultheis, 46-7.
StA W: NSDAP/GL/XII/2, 13 Oct. 1933.
" Ophir and Wiesemann (eds.), 24.
z See e.g. letter of 5 Oct. 1933 in StA W: LRA/3261: Bad Bruckenau.
" Bay HStA: MA 1'06680: RP report. 7 May 1'935, repr. in Broszat et al. (eds.), Bayern in der NS-Zeit, i. 442; cf. LHA Ko: 441/28264: RP report, 5 Dec. 1'935.
" Flade, Wurzburger Juden, 2 76-7.
' GSA: HA/Rep. 9oP: Gestapo Recklinghausen, 6 June 1'935; cf. Gestapo Aachen, 8 May 1'935•
" Bay HStA: MA io6694: RP report io Oct. 1935, repr. in Broszat et al. (eds.), Bayern in der NS-Zeit, i. 456.
"StA W: NSDAP/GL/XII/6: Hundsfeld, 18 June 1937. For nearby Hesse see HHStA: Abt 483/6741: letter to Gestapo Kassel from Landrat Gelnhausen, 3o Nov. 1937.
'" StA W: LRA Bad Neustadt 125/5, GS Bischofsheim, 28 Jan. 1938, also cited in Kershaw, Popular Opinion, 243. In the same village, however, violence against the Jews was occasionally reported: see Bay HStA: MA io6 681: report of RP, io Nov. 1938.
19 StA W: NSDAP/GL/XII/1, 9 Oct. 1934. Thirteen towns and villages are mentioned.
22 See StA W: LRA Bad Neustadt, 125/4.1 Dec. 1936, also in Kershaw, Popular Opinion, 240.
24 See Genschel, 112-13: Adam, /udenpolitik, 123-4.
21 See chs. 5 and 6.
21 StAW: NSDAP/GL/XII/1: GS Geiselbach. 6 Apr. 1935. For similar complaints that antiSemitic signs would backfire see GSA:HA/Rep. 9oP: Gestapo Koblenz, 5 July 1935. See StA W: NSDAP/GL/XII/1 for the Wurzburg ban. For Hess see BAK: Sammlung Schumacher, 240, Il.
23 Genschel, 1o5ff.: Uwe Dietrich Adam, Judenpolitik im Dritten Reich (Dusseldorf, 1972), 1224.
zi Quoted in Kershaw, The 'Hitler Myth', 2 36.
26 The law is reprinted in Hirsch, Majer, and Meinck (eds.), 350-I.
27 The Times (London), 8 Nov. 1935•
z" See e.g. BAK: R58/6o4: Gestapo Hanover. 4 Mar. 1936.
:v See Abraham Margaliot, The Reaction of the Jewish Public in Germany to the Nuremberg Laws', Yad Vashem Studies, 12 (1977), 75R•
" Bay HStA: MA 106687, i May 1936, also in Broszat et al. (eds.), Bayern in der NS-Zeit, i. 460-1.
74 Otto Dov Kulka is preparing an edition of these records. For a critique of the material see his 'Die Niirnberger Rassengesetze and die deutsche Bevolkerung im Lichte Geheimer NS-Lage- and Stimmungsberichte'. VJZ 32 (1984). 582f
LHA Ko: 441/28267, Gestapo Koblenz report, 4 Oct. 1935.
3z Sopade, ii. (Aug. 1935), 996-7.
KLB vi. 84.
17 Ibid.: Gestapo Aachen, 5 Sept. 1935; cf. ibid.: Gestapo Recklinghausen, 6 June '935.
GSA:HA/Rep. 9oP: Gestapo Osnabruck, 4 Sept. 1935.
S~' Ibid.: Gestapo Munster, 6 Nov. 1935.
" See ibid.: Gestapo Munster (Oct. report); Dortmund (Sept. report): and Nov. reports from Magdeburg and Kassel.
Bay HStA: MA io6697, 3 Apr. 1936: also in Broszat et al. (eds.), Bayern in der NS-Zeit, i. 460•
41 Bay HStA: MA io668o, 8 Oct. 1935•
4'
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