Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle With India by Joseph Lelyveld
Book: Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle With India by Joseph Lelyveld
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Authors: Joseph Lelyveld
Tags: General, Historical, Asia, History, Biography & Autobiography, Political, Biography, Political Science, Modern, India, South Africa - Politics and government - 1836-1909, Nationalists - India, South Africa, India & South Asia, India - Politics and government - 1919-1947, Nationalists, Gandhi, Statesmen - India, Statesmen
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Humanity
. New Delhi, 2002.
Talbot, Phillips.
An American Witness to India’s Partition
. New Delhi, 2007.
Tendulkar, D. G.
Mahatma: Life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
. 8 vols. New Delhi, 1960–63.
Thomson, Mark.
Gandhi and His Ashramas
. Bombay, 1993.
Tidrick, Kathryn.
Gandhi: A Political and Spiritual Life
. New York, 2006.
Tinker, Hugh.
A New System of Slavery: The Export of Indian Labour Overseas, 1830–1920
. London, 1974.
———.
The Ordeal of Love: C. F. Andrews and India
. Delhi, 1998.
Tolstoy, Leo.
The Kingdom of God Is Within You
. New York, 2005.
———.
What Is to Be Done?
Reprint of 1899 ed., n.d.
Tuker, Francis.
While Memory Serves
. London, 1950.
Tunzelmann, Alex von.
Indian Summer: The Secret History of the End of an Empire
. New York, 2007.
Verma, Mukut Behari, ed.
Crusade Against Untouchability: History of the Harijan Sevak Sangh
. Delhi, 1971.
Virasai, Banphot. “The Emergence and Making of a Mass Movement Leader: Portrait of Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa, 1893–1914.” Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1968.
Wavell, Archibald Percival.
The Viceroy’s Journal
. Edited by Penderel Moon. London, 1973.
Weber, Thomas.
Gandhi as Disciple and Mentor
. New Delhi, 2007.
———.
Gandhi, Gandhism, and the Gandhians
. New Delhi, 2006.
Wells, Ian Bryant.
Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity: Jinnah’s Early Politics
. New Delhi, 2006.
Wolpert, Stanley.
Gandhi’s Passion: The Life and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi
. New York, 2001.
Zelliot, Eleanor.
From Untouchable to Dalit: Essays on the Ambedkar Movement
. 3rd ed. New Delhi, 2001.
Ziegler, Philip.
Mountbatten: A Biography
. New York, 1985.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
As part of my attempt to find a fresh way of looking at the ever-evolving Gandhi who traveled home to India after two decades in South Africa, I found it necessary to visit most of the places that were important in his long life, from his birthplace in Porbandar to the site of his assassination in a New Delhi garden. In all, I logged three trips to India and two to South Africa in three years. Even now I find it hard to offer a simple explanation of what these journeys were about. It’s true they gave me a chance to delve into archives in Durban, Pretoria, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, and New Delhi—London too—but that was never their primary purpose. I could go through the motions of scholarship, sometimes experience the excitement of a small discovery, but I’m not a scholar. There was also the chance to chat with old men and women who had come into contact with the Mahatma as children or, more often, with descendants of Gandhi and people who mattered in his life. Such conversations were more in my line as a reporter, but, given the passage of generations, they could seldom be more than suggestive. Still, the reporter in me felt a compulsion to journey to places to which Gandhi had trekked, from Volksrust on the border of what was once the Transvaal to Noakhali district in what became Bangladesh, in order to view his past as it was refracted through our present. I felt I needed to set foot in such places if I was to come to any real understanding of the flow of his life, the contours of his struggle.
Whatever I was seeking, these excursions spun off an added dividend. They brought me into contact, however fleeting, with an international community of scholars on four continents who have pondered Gandhi’s life, times, and contradictions, the influences he imbibed and the values he embraced, more deeply and systematically than I ever could. The exchange of information and insight in these encounters was mostly one way, especially at the outset. Essentially, these were tutorials in which one meeting and reference, personal or scholarly, or both, led to another. It should be obvious that none of my tutors bear any responsibility for my readings of basic Gandhi texts or the direction my inquiry took. What they provided were useful insights, references, and cautions.As he
. New Delhi, 2002.
Talbot, Phillips.
An American Witness to India’s Partition
. New Delhi, 2007.
Tendulkar, D. G.
Mahatma: Life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
. 8 vols. New Delhi, 1960–63.
Thomson, Mark.
Gandhi and His Ashramas
. Bombay, 1993.
Tidrick, Kathryn.
Gandhi: A Political and Spiritual Life
. New York, 2006.
Tinker, Hugh.
A New System of Slavery: The Export of Indian Labour Overseas, 1830–1920
. London, 1974.
———.
The Ordeal of Love: C. F. Andrews and India
. Delhi, 1998.
Tolstoy, Leo.
The Kingdom of God Is Within You
. New York, 2005.
———.
What Is to Be Done?
Reprint of 1899 ed., n.d.
Tuker, Francis.
While Memory Serves
. London, 1950.
Tunzelmann, Alex von.
Indian Summer: The Secret History of the End of an Empire
. New York, 2007.
Verma, Mukut Behari, ed.
Crusade Against Untouchability: History of the Harijan Sevak Sangh
. Delhi, 1971.
Virasai, Banphot. “The Emergence and Making of a Mass Movement Leader: Portrait of Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa, 1893–1914.” Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1968.
Wavell, Archibald Percival.
The Viceroy’s Journal
. Edited by Penderel Moon. London, 1973.
Weber, Thomas.
Gandhi as Disciple and Mentor
. New Delhi, 2007.
———.
Gandhi, Gandhism, and the Gandhians
. New Delhi, 2006.
Wells, Ian Bryant.
Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity: Jinnah’s Early Politics
. New Delhi, 2006.
Wolpert, Stanley.
Gandhi’s Passion: The Life and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi
. New York, 2001.
Zelliot, Eleanor.
From Untouchable to Dalit: Essays on the Ambedkar Movement
. 3rd ed. New Delhi, 2001.
Ziegler, Philip.
Mountbatten: A Biography
. New York, 1985.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
As part of my attempt to find a fresh way of looking at the ever-evolving Gandhi who traveled home to India after two decades in South Africa, I found it necessary to visit most of the places that were important in his long life, from his birthplace in Porbandar to the site of his assassination in a New Delhi garden. In all, I logged three trips to India and two to South Africa in three years. Even now I find it hard to offer a simple explanation of what these journeys were about. It’s true they gave me a chance to delve into archives in Durban, Pretoria, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, and New Delhi—London too—but that was never their primary purpose. I could go through the motions of scholarship, sometimes experience the excitement of a small discovery, but I’m not a scholar. There was also the chance to chat with old men and women who had come into contact with the Mahatma as children or, more often, with descendants of Gandhi and people who mattered in his life. Such conversations were more in my line as a reporter, but, given the passage of generations, they could seldom be more than suggestive. Still, the reporter in me felt a compulsion to journey to places to which Gandhi had trekked, from Volksrust on the border of what was once the Transvaal to Noakhali district in what became Bangladesh, in order to view his past as it was refracted through our present. I felt I needed to set foot in such places if I was to come to any real understanding of the flow of his life, the contours of his struggle.
Whatever I was seeking, these excursions spun off an added dividend. They brought me into contact, however fleeting, with an international community of scholars on four continents who have pondered Gandhi’s life, times, and contradictions, the influences he imbibed and the values he embraced, more deeply and systematically than I ever could. The exchange of information and insight in these encounters was mostly one way, especially at the outset. Essentially, these were tutorials in which one meeting and reference, personal or scholarly, or both, led to another. It should be obvious that none of my tutors bear any responsibility for my readings of basic Gandhi texts or the direction my inquiry took. What they provided were useful insights, references, and cautions.As he
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