al-Hijab bayn al-Jam‘iyyat ( Cairo: Al- Markaz al-Qawmi lil-Buhuth al-Ijtima‘iyya, 1982 ), 92 . See also Thahirat al-Hijab bayn al-Jam‘iyyat, al-Taqrir al-Thani (Cairo: Al-Markaz al-Qawmi lil-Buhuth al-Ijtima‘iyah, Wahdat al-Buhuth al-Diniyah wa al-Mu‘taqadat, 1984 .
Ekram Beshir, “Allah Doesn’t Change the Condition of People Until They Change Themselves,” in Katherine Bullock, ed., Muslim Women Activists in North Amer- ica: Speaking for Ourselves (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2005 ), 24 . All quotations in the ensuing paragraphs of this chapter are from this text, pp. 22 – 26 .
Chapter 4 . The New Veil
Gilles Kepel, Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam, trans. Anthony F. Roberts (Cam- bridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2000 ), 69 .
Natana J. Delong-Bas, Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2004 ), 24 – 26 .
Kepel, Jihad, 70 – 73 .
Kepel, Jihad, 72 .
Gilles Kepel, The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West, trans. Pascale Ghazaleh (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004 ), 173 .
See Olivier Roy, The Failure of Political Islam, trans. by Carol Volk (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1994 ; 5 th printing, 2001 ), 117 ; Brynjar Lia, The Society of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt (Reading: Garner, 1998 ), 25 , 59 – 60 .
Material cited in this and the following two paragraphs is from Lia, Society, 76 , 86 , 286 .
Roy, Failure, 36 , and 208 n 4 .
Roy, Failure, 21 .
Carrie Rosefsky Wickham, Mobilizing Islam: Religion, Activism, and Political Change in Egypt (New York: Columbia University Press, 2002 ), 96 .
Kepel, Jihad, 71 .
“Egyptians in the Gulf countries experienced a cultural transformation and began to associate the new abundance and wealth with Islamic practices and even with the Islamic outer dress.” Ghada Hashem Talhami, The Mobilization of Muslim Women in Egypt (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1996 ), 40 – 41 .
Wickham, Mobilizing Islam, 98 .
Gilles Kepel, Muslim Extremism in Egypt: The Prophet and Pharaoh, trans. Jon Rothschild, With a New Preface for 2003 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003 ), 139 ; Kepel, Jihad, 81 .
Kepel, Jihad, 73 .
See Fauzi M. Najjar, “The Debate on Islam and Secularism in Egypt,” Arab Studies Quarterly 18 , no. 2 (Spring 1996 ).
Material cited in this and the following three paragraphs is from Kepel, Mus- lim Extremism, 149 – 50 , 192 – 93 , 210 – 14 .
Quoted in Adnan A. Musallam, From Secularism to Jihad: Sayyid Qutb and the Foundations of Radical Islamism (Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2005 ), 167 .
Sayed Qutb, Milestones (Cedar Rapids, Iowa: Unity, n.d), 7 – 9 .
Musallam, From Secularism, 155 .
Roxanne L. Euben and Muhammad Qasim Zaman, eds., Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought: Texts and Contexts from al-Banna to Bin Laden (Princeton, N.J.: Prince- ton University Press, 2009 ), 275 , 129 .
Yvonne Y. Haddad, “Sayyid Qutb: Ideologue of the Islamic Revival,” in John L.
Esposito, ed., Voices of Resurgent Islam (New York: Oxford University Press, 1983 ), 81 , 68 .
J. Brugman, An Introduction to the History of Modern Arabic Literature in Egypt
(Leiden: Brill, 1984 ), 126 .
Haddad, “Qutb,” 69 .
Musallam, From Secularism, 86 .
Sayyid Qutb, A Child from the Village, ed., trans., and introduced by John
Calvert and William Shepard (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2004 ), xviii–xix. See also Euben and Zaman, Princeton Readings, 130 .
Quotations in this and the following paragraph are from Musallam, From Sec- ularism, 97 , 122 – 29 .
Roxanne L. Euben, Enemy in the Mirror: Islamic Fundamentalism and the Lim- its of Modern Rationalism (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1999 ), 65 .
Quotations in this and the following paragraph are from Lamia Rustum She- hadeh, The Idea of Women in Fundamentalist Islam (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003 ), 68 – 70 .
Kepel, War for Muslim Minds,
Ekram Beshir, “Allah Doesn’t Change the Condition of People Until They Change Themselves,” in Katherine Bullock, ed., Muslim Women Activists in North Amer- ica: Speaking for Ourselves (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2005 ), 24 . All quotations in the ensuing paragraphs of this chapter are from this text, pp. 22 – 26 .
Chapter 4 . The New Veil
Gilles Kepel, Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam, trans. Anthony F. Roberts (Cam- bridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2000 ), 69 .
Natana J. Delong-Bas, Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2004 ), 24 – 26 .
Kepel, Jihad, 70 – 73 .
Kepel, Jihad, 72 .
Gilles Kepel, The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West, trans. Pascale Ghazaleh (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004 ), 173 .
See Olivier Roy, The Failure of Political Islam, trans. by Carol Volk (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1994 ; 5 th printing, 2001 ), 117 ; Brynjar Lia, The Society of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt (Reading: Garner, 1998 ), 25 , 59 – 60 .
Material cited in this and the following two paragraphs is from Lia, Society, 76 , 86 , 286 .
Roy, Failure, 36 , and 208 n 4 .
Roy, Failure, 21 .
Carrie Rosefsky Wickham, Mobilizing Islam: Religion, Activism, and Political Change in Egypt (New York: Columbia University Press, 2002 ), 96 .
Kepel, Jihad, 71 .
“Egyptians in the Gulf countries experienced a cultural transformation and began to associate the new abundance and wealth with Islamic practices and even with the Islamic outer dress.” Ghada Hashem Talhami, The Mobilization of Muslim Women in Egypt (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1996 ), 40 – 41 .
Wickham, Mobilizing Islam, 98 .
Gilles Kepel, Muslim Extremism in Egypt: The Prophet and Pharaoh, trans. Jon Rothschild, With a New Preface for 2003 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003 ), 139 ; Kepel, Jihad, 81 .
Kepel, Jihad, 73 .
See Fauzi M. Najjar, “The Debate on Islam and Secularism in Egypt,” Arab Studies Quarterly 18 , no. 2 (Spring 1996 ).
Material cited in this and the following three paragraphs is from Kepel, Mus- lim Extremism, 149 – 50 , 192 – 93 , 210 – 14 .
Quoted in Adnan A. Musallam, From Secularism to Jihad: Sayyid Qutb and the Foundations of Radical Islamism (Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2005 ), 167 .
Sayed Qutb, Milestones (Cedar Rapids, Iowa: Unity, n.d), 7 – 9 .
Musallam, From Secularism, 155 .
Roxanne L. Euben and Muhammad Qasim Zaman, eds., Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought: Texts and Contexts from al-Banna to Bin Laden (Princeton, N.J.: Prince- ton University Press, 2009 ), 275 , 129 .
Yvonne Y. Haddad, “Sayyid Qutb: Ideologue of the Islamic Revival,” in John L.
Esposito, ed., Voices of Resurgent Islam (New York: Oxford University Press, 1983 ), 81 , 68 .
J. Brugman, An Introduction to the History of Modern Arabic Literature in Egypt
(Leiden: Brill, 1984 ), 126 .
Haddad, “Qutb,” 69 .
Musallam, From Secularism, 86 .
Sayyid Qutb, A Child from the Village, ed., trans., and introduced by John
Calvert and William Shepard (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2004 ), xviii–xix. See also Euben and Zaman, Princeton Readings, 130 .
Quotations in this and the following paragraph are from Musallam, From Sec- ularism, 97 , 122 – 29 .
Roxanne L. Euben, Enemy in the Mirror: Islamic Fundamentalism and the Lim- its of Modern Rationalism (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1999 ), 65 .
Quotations in this and the following paragraph are from Lamia Rustum She- hadeh, The Idea of Women in Fundamentalist Islam (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003 ), 68 – 70 .
Kepel, War for Muslim Minds,
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