The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation

The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation by Jane Straus, Lester Kaufman, Tom Stern Page B

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Authors: Jane Straus, Lester Kaufman, Tom Stern
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fulsome apology . The word actually means something darker: “excessive,” “fawning,” even “disgusting.”
    FUN
    Fun is a noun, not an adjective. Sentences like It was a fun time or the ghastly It was so fun have no place in serious writing.
    FUR
    See fir, fur .
    FURTHER
    See farther, further .
G
    GAIT, GATE
    Gait : stride; the way a person or animal walks or runs.
    Gate : a barrier.
    GAMUT
    Gamut originally referred to the entire range of musical notes that the ear can recognize. It has come to mean the range or extent of anything: His speech ran a gamut of emotions . Do not confuse run the gamut with run the gantlet (see gantlet, gauntlet ).
    GANTLET, GAUNTLET
    These two words, despite their similarity, come from different roots. The distinction should be preserved.
    The expression run the gantlet means “to undergo criticism or harassment from several sources in a concentrated period of time.” It is often written run the gauntlet , which makes language nitpickers cry foul.
    To throw down the gauntlet is to aggressively challenge someone. To take up the gauntlet is to accept such a challenge.
    GEL, JELL
    In popular usage, jell means “to come together”: Our team is starting to jell. Gel refers to a jellylike substance: hair gel .
    GILT, GUILT
    Gilt : gold coating.
    Guilt : fault; blame; shame.
    GLIB
    A word with a split personality suitable for backhanded compliments and faint praise. Glib can mean “smooth,” “urbane.” But it can also mean “superficial,” “too slick.”
    GRADUATE
    He graduated high school last weekend . Make it graduated from . There are even some fussbudgets who'd insist he was graduated from high school. But graduated from is as correct as was graduated from .
    GRAFFITI
    Note the double f and single t. Graffiti is the plural of graffito , Italian for “little scratching.” Therefore, There was graffiti all over the wall is incorrect. Make it There were graffiti all over the wall .
    GRILL, GRILLE
    Grill : a grated metal cooking utensil (noun); to cook over direct heat (verb).
    Grille : a network of metal, wooden, or plastic bars that acts as a barrier or screen.
    GRISLY, GRISTLY, GRIZZLY
    Grisly means “horrific,” “gruesome.” However, grisly bears are not necessarily grizzly bears , North American brown bears known for their fierceness.
    Don't confuse grisly with gristly , which means “tough,” “chewy.”
    GUERRILLA
    Note the spelling: double r , double l . Some think “guerilla” with one r is a valid alternative, but the word derives from guerra , which means “war” in Spanish.
H
    HAIR, HARE
    Hair : what grows on the head and body.
    Hare : a rabbit.
    HALL, HAUL
    Hall : a passageway; a large room.
    Haul : to pull or drag.
    HALVE, HAVE
    Halve : to divide in two.
    Have : to possess; to hold.
    HANGAR, HANGER
    Many think that a shed or shelter for housing airplanes is a “hanger,” rather than a hangar (the correct spelling).
    A hanger is something to hang a garment on, or someone who hangs things.
    HANGED, HUNG
    Speakers and writers who value precision know that the past tense of hang , when it means “to put to death using a rope,” is hanged , not hung . This applies to both the active and passive voice: They hanged the prisoner and The prisoner was hanged .
    For inanimate objects, use hung . Under unusual conditions, people also hung or are hung, e.g., He hung from the tree with one hand or He found himself hung upside down .
    HEAL, HEEL
    Heal : to repair; to restore to health.
    Heel : the back part of the foot; a scoundrel.
    HEALTHFUL, HEALTHY
    The difference between these two words is unquestionable, healthful meaning “something that promotes health” and healthy meaning “in good health.” But in everyday speech, healthful has been nudged aside by healthy in phrases like healthy food or a healthy diet .
    HEAR, HERE
    There is an ear

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