Taste of War: World War II and the Battle for Food by Lizzie Collingham Page B
Authors: Lizzie Collingham
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Winter 7, 176–8, 265
foods 263, 272, 471
Greek 7, 165–8, 178, 404
long-term effects 265
in Africa 124, 132, 134, 136, 137
in Burma 230, 237
in Japan 53, 275, 310, 313, 464
in Middle East 131
in occupied Soviet Union 5, 191, 214, 216, 317, 318, 471
post-war 471, 480, 490
Tonkin 1, 7–8, 230, 240–42
fascism 16, 416
fat 18, 19, 20, 25, 28, 69, 86, 96, 99, 113, 115, 128, 131, 140, 175, 177, 180, 186, 219, 268, 339, 354, 355, 360, 370, 377, 460, 493, 498
and health 13, 460
importance in diet 13, 22, 139, 157, 392
in army rations 276, 281, 319, 320, 321, 341, 437
post-war increases in consumption 487, 492, 495
rationing 157, 164, 210
shortages 35, 70, 125, 157, 158, 164, 176, 203, 210, 225, 356, 358, 367, 380, 381, 382, 384, 472, 476
supplies for Germany 186, 214, 216
fertilizer 3, 4, 34, 35, 58, 71, 82, 84, 91, 130, 132, 172, 251, 482, 487, 501
production 9, 73, 75, 81, 92, 156, 232, 491
shortages 44, 155, 159, 170, 175, 186, 217, 222, 229, 232, 251
First World War 23, 26, 27, 50, 76, 77, 83, 92, 109, 167, 170, 181, 201, 220, 223, 325, 329, 349, 361, 380, 385, 395, 400, 402, 403, 441, 457, 501
different from Second World War 346, 348, 463, 464
hunger during 382
influence on British policy makers 104
influence on Japanese policy makers 50, 54
influence on National Socialists 4–5, 33, 104, 181, 203, 359, 370
see also Versailles, Treaty of
fodder 34, 157, 175, 186, 197, 202, 221, 225, 255, 342
imports 2, 3, 4, 19, 22, 23, 26, 29, 35, 67, 71, 353, 356
production 28, 69, 93, 219, 479
food
as a driving force for conflict 2, 4, 15, 17, 23
dependence on imports of 2, 3, 20, 22, 23, 26, 28–30, 35, 50, 52, 63, 67, 69, 89, 90, 93, 97, 100, 101, 108, 113, 124, 143–4, 153, 166, 168, 172, 190, 228–9, 230, 234–5, 237, 240, 262, 286, 310, 353–4, 460, 483
entitlement 5, 11, 118, 124, 131, 263, 269, 329, 348, 359, 369, 462
fortification 10, 86, 389, 410, 411, 413, 421, 423, 461, 494
importance for maintaining war effort 8, 26, 88, 262, 270, 464
packaging 10, 492
prices 3, 19, 22, 23, 24, 27, 29, 52, 123, 127, 133, 143, 144, 166, 170, 234, 253, 261, 356, 362, 412, 482, 483, 501
processing 8, 10, 83, 84, 87, 93, 97, 100, 122, 125, 139, 389, 444, 445, 492–3, 494, 498, 499
quality 14
riots 4, 22, 52, 127, 129, 171
surpluses 27, 66, 68, 75, 76, 136, 352, 426, 427, 477, 483, 484, 489
theft 225, 306, 331, 341
wartime increase in demand for 66, 77, 139
forced labour
rations 11, 156, 161, 164, 370–71
use of by Japan 7, 231, 244, 297
use of by Germany 11, 44, 45, 156, 160–61, 164, 186, 196, 210, 214, 218, 370–71, 470, 555n
Formosa 49, 52, 60, 228, 237, 243, 261, 278
Four Year Plan 32, 33, 38, 155
France 7, 22, 23, 27, 34, 42, 67, 76, 104, 111, 120, 152, 169, 175, 232, 248, 270, 368, 373, 396, 400, 439, 477, 480
export of food to Germany 171, 175, 178, 204
impact of war on food supply 163, 170, 171, 262
import dependence 35
rationing in 211, 485
Frank, Hans, 205, 209
free market 11, 68, 78, 148, 150, 345, 419, 483, 486
free trade 2, 20, 22, 27, 56, 484
frozen food 113, 407, 419
production 83–4, 493
see also meat, frozen
fuel 3, 8, 67, 68, 184, 195, 199, 201, 253, 283, 335, 381, 402, 410, 487, 501
shortages 38, 63, 170, 186, 222, 229, 309, 326, 328, 468, 470
Gambia, the 67, 120, 122, 124, 129, 140
General Government 43–5, 193, 194, 205, 207, 218
rations in 206, 211, 212–13
General Plan for the East 17, 39–46, 60
German armed forces 274, 284, 303, 312, 324, 336
campaign in North Africa 126, 152, 404, 443
food policy 184–6, 180, 184, 188
food rations 156, 170, 173, 180, 184, 186–9, 202, 218, 322, 367–8, 380, 434, 437, 440, 441
length of service tail 271
see also eastern front
German Labour Front (DAF) (Deutsche Arbeitsfront) 356, 367, 368, 369
Germany 7, 16, 18, 49, 59, 64, 86, 138, 219, 231, 232, 311, 330, 335, 337, 439, 472
agriculture 28–9, 70, 71, 73, 155–63, 164, 374–5, 467 487, 493, 495, 499
and Britain 34, 91, 106, 262
and First World War 5, 16, 22, 23–6, 33, 50, 464
and Japan 63
barter economy 378, 379,
foods 263, 272, 471
Greek 7, 165–8, 178, 404
long-term effects 265
in Africa 124, 132, 134, 136, 137
in Burma 230, 237
in Japan 53, 275, 310, 313, 464
in Middle East 131
in occupied Soviet Union 5, 191, 214, 216, 317, 318, 471
post-war 471, 480, 490
Tonkin 1, 7–8, 230, 240–42
fascism 16, 416
fat 18, 19, 20, 25, 28, 69, 86, 96, 99, 113, 115, 128, 131, 140, 175, 177, 180, 186, 219, 268, 339, 354, 355, 360, 370, 377, 460, 493, 498
and health 13, 460
importance in diet 13, 22, 139, 157, 392
in army rations 276, 281, 319, 320, 321, 341, 437
post-war increases in consumption 487, 492, 495
rationing 157, 164, 210
shortages 35, 70, 125, 157, 158, 164, 176, 203, 210, 225, 356, 358, 367, 380, 381, 382, 384, 472, 476
supplies for Germany 186, 214, 216
fertilizer 3, 4, 34, 35, 58, 71, 82, 84, 91, 130, 132, 172, 251, 482, 487, 501
production 9, 73, 75, 81, 92, 156, 232, 491
shortages 44, 155, 159, 170, 175, 186, 217, 222, 229, 232, 251
First World War 23, 26, 27, 50, 76, 77, 83, 92, 109, 167, 170, 181, 201, 220, 223, 325, 329, 349, 361, 380, 385, 395, 400, 402, 403, 441, 457, 501
different from Second World War 346, 348, 463, 464
hunger during 382
influence on British policy makers 104
influence on Japanese policy makers 50, 54
influence on National Socialists 4–5, 33, 104, 181, 203, 359, 370
see also Versailles, Treaty of
fodder 34, 157, 175, 186, 197, 202, 221, 225, 255, 342
imports 2, 3, 4, 19, 22, 23, 26, 29, 35, 67, 71, 353, 356
production 28, 69, 93, 219, 479
food
as a driving force for conflict 2, 4, 15, 17, 23
dependence on imports of 2, 3, 20, 22, 23, 26, 28–30, 35, 50, 52, 63, 67, 69, 89, 90, 93, 97, 100, 101, 108, 113, 124, 143–4, 153, 166, 168, 172, 190, 228–9, 230, 234–5, 237, 240, 262, 286, 310, 353–4, 460, 483
entitlement 5, 11, 118, 124, 131, 263, 269, 329, 348, 359, 369, 462
fortification 10, 86, 389, 410, 411, 413, 421, 423, 461, 494
importance for maintaining war effort 8, 26, 88, 262, 270, 464
packaging 10, 492
prices 3, 19, 22, 23, 24, 27, 29, 52, 123, 127, 133, 143, 144, 166, 170, 234, 253, 261, 356, 362, 412, 482, 483, 501
processing 8, 10, 83, 84, 87, 93, 97, 100, 122, 125, 139, 389, 444, 445, 492–3, 494, 498, 499
quality 14
riots 4, 22, 52, 127, 129, 171
surpluses 27, 66, 68, 75, 76, 136, 352, 426, 427, 477, 483, 484, 489
theft 225, 306, 331, 341
wartime increase in demand for 66, 77, 139
forced labour
rations 11, 156, 161, 164, 370–71
use of by Japan 7, 231, 244, 297
use of by Germany 11, 44, 45, 156, 160–61, 164, 186, 196, 210, 214, 218, 370–71, 470, 555n
Formosa 49, 52, 60, 228, 237, 243, 261, 278
Four Year Plan 32, 33, 38, 155
France 7, 22, 23, 27, 34, 42, 67, 76, 104, 111, 120, 152, 169, 175, 232, 248, 270, 368, 373, 396, 400, 439, 477, 480
export of food to Germany 171, 175, 178, 204
impact of war on food supply 163, 170, 171, 262
import dependence 35
rationing in 211, 485
Frank, Hans, 205, 209
free market 11, 68, 78, 148, 150, 345, 419, 483, 486
free trade 2, 20, 22, 27, 56, 484
frozen food 113, 407, 419
production 83–4, 493
see also meat, frozen
fuel 3, 8, 67, 68, 184, 195, 199, 201, 253, 283, 335, 381, 402, 410, 487, 501
shortages 38, 63, 170, 186, 222, 229, 309, 326, 328, 468, 470
Gambia, the 67, 120, 122, 124, 129, 140
General Government 43–5, 193, 194, 205, 207, 218
rations in 206, 211, 212–13
General Plan for the East 17, 39–46, 60
German armed forces 274, 284, 303, 312, 324, 336
campaign in North Africa 126, 152, 404, 443
food policy 184–6, 180, 184, 188
food rations 156, 170, 173, 180, 184, 186–9, 202, 218, 322, 367–8, 380, 434, 437, 440, 441
length of service tail 271
see also eastern front
German Labour Front (DAF) (Deutsche Arbeitsfront) 356, 367, 368, 369
Germany 7, 16, 18, 49, 59, 64, 86, 138, 219, 231, 232, 311, 330, 335, 337, 439, 472
agriculture 28–9, 70, 71, 73, 155–63, 164, 374–5, 467 487, 493, 495, 499
and Britain 34, 91, 106, 262
and First World War 5, 16, 22, 23–6, 33, 50, 464
and Japan 63
barter economy 378, 379,
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