the electric bill and locked snack foods in a plastic tub in her bedroom to ration them throughout the month. In September, when she first heard rumors of an impending cut, she had taken Tiara to sign up for a food stamp card of her own, thereby increasing the familyâs take. Here was one surprising result of a government reduction: one new recipient added to the rolls. âA daughter looking out for her mother,â was how Raphael had explained it, bragging to friends, but Tiara wasless enthused. She chose not to carry the Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) card in her wallet, believing from personal experience that people who entered into the system tended to rely on it forever. âIâm not wanting to sign over my independence for good,â she said.
Now, as they walked together up Good Hope Road toward the food bank, they took turns using a cellphone and passed a cigarette back and forth. âI used to apply for jobs at all these places,â Tiara said, pointing out the convenience stores and check-cashing shops that lined the road. She also had tried to improve her job prospects by attending a health-care training program (âmedical school,â she called it) and a seminar on Microsoft Word (âa computer diplomaâ), and yet her last paid work had come five months earlier for a temp agency that had yet to pay her the $170 she was owed.
âIâm grown, and I donât own nothing,â Tiara said, flicking away the cigarette. âItâs pathetic.â
âPathetic?â Raphael said, rolling the word out of her mouth, considering it. âHow you figure that?â
âUs going around, getting things, relying on people who treat us like nothing. I mean, Iâm having to ask you for money we donât have.â
âYou ainât stealing. You ainât begging. Weâre just surviving, best we can.â
Tiara flipped up the hood of her sweatshirt and walked ahead.
âSur-viv-ing. You hear me?â Raphael called after her. âWeâre getting it while we can.â
They walked into Bread for the City, where 40 people were crowded into the waiting room, and where the food line was a steady procession toward disappointment. âNo more deer meat,â read one sign. âPick a holiday bag OR a regular bag. You cannot receive both,â read the next. âOnly one visit per month,â read another. âFood is intended to last for three days,â read the last notice, right by the counter, where Raphael handed over her number to a volunteer and waited for her bag of food.
âThank you,â she said when the bag came back three minutes later, filled with turkey, applesauce, yams and five cans of greens. Raphael turned away from the counter, doing the math in her head.
âSo thatâs three days,â she said to Tiara on their way out the door. âWhat are we supposed to do about the rest?â
âLady Can Cookâ
For all of her life, Raphael had been counting down to the 8th. It was her most reliable event, a monthly promise that she would have enough to eat when her parents spent their cash on heroin, or when asbestos and carbon monoxide forced her family to move houses three times in a year, or when a series of five âgone againâ men fathered her six children and provided a total of $20 in monthly child support. Her life had been a swinging pendulum of uncertainty-of bad health, eviction and the sudden deaths of loved ones. But the 8th had always come, and the federal money had always been deposited on time into her account. âThe golden date,â she called it.
Only once, when she was in her early 30s, had she lived without government assistance. She had moved her children into a two-bedroom apartment near the Southwest waterfront and signed a lease for $925, working as a home health aide during the day and as a prep cook at RFK Stadium at night. âClimbing the ladder,â she said,
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