The Trinity Paradox by Doug Beason Kevin J Anderson Page B
Authors: Doug Beason Kevin J Anderson
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than with winning the war.
Now, though, Esau was bringing them sufficient inspiration, thanks to Graham Fox.
He allowed himself to smile as they drove into the muddy courtyard outside the wooden barracks. Dark stains showed where rain had soaked through the plank walls. All around, the city of Berlin pressed close, too close perhaps for such dangerous research as this, but it did make a perfect hiding place.
A dim shadow behind one of the windows watched the staff car pull up, then ducked back. Esau hoped the observer would inform the rest of the physicists exactly who had arrived for a visit.
They had come to accuse Professor Werner Heisenberg of treason.
A week before, when the Reich post had delivered a letter with Belgian postmark, Professor Esau took notice. He held up the stained envelope and frowned; it looked like cheap stationery inside. He did not recognize the bold handwriting on the address with its excessive loops and flourishes. With a letter opener he slashed open the edge.
He recognized the handwriting on the letter inside immediately. Graham Fox! It was impossible, but he could not stop himself from a smile such as he had not worn since his student days at Cambridge. He wondered how Fox had managed to get a letter through the postal blockades to Germany. But none of Esau’s initial astonishment compared to what he felt upon reading the terse but profound message.
... So, my dear friend, Fermi has achieved a self-sustaining neutron reaction moderated by graphite blocks. By virtue of Germany’s superior physicists, Heisenberg’s group should have come to this discovery on their own—could he perhaps be leading you down the wrong path? After all, no one would question Heisenberg’s claims. I will do what I can here because we must maintain parity. All humanity is at risk. Must count on you, Abraham.
At that moment Esau’s secretary—the same one who had bungled his invitation to the physics conference, and then bungled his subsequent apology letter—appeared at the door with some inane question. Esau’s shouting fit sent her scurrying back into the hall. Her heels echoed on the tile floor like gunshots.
Esau clutched the letter with sweaty fingers. A nuclear reaction moderated by graphite! Esau was astounded. According to all their careful studies—no, he corrected himself, not careful enough—they had thought heavy water was the only substance that could appropriately moderate a reacting pile. How could they have missed something as simple and common as graphite?
A nuclear reactor could produce a different element, a new element beyond uranium on the periodic table, that could be used as a substitute for the rare isotope uranium-235 in an atomic bomb. In 1940 the American Edwin McMillan, working at the University of California at Berkeley, had artificially created “element 93” by bombarding uranium with neutrons. Since uranium had been named after the planet Uranus, McMillan had decided to call his new element “neptunium” after the planet Neptune.
But physical theory predicted that the next artificial element in the series, element 94, would be a candidate for fission, just like uranium-235. Element 94 did not exist in nature, but in all likelihood could be made in the laboratory. But only if they could keep a nuclear chain reaction going. Continuing the scheme of using planetary names, this element should be named after the newly discovered ninth planet Pluto. Plutonium?
If they could produce enough of this new plutonium, Esau would not need to worry about the incredible difficulties of separating uranium-235 from the rest of the ore. They could have a German bomb sooner than expected.
But for that they needed a working reactor to “cook” the uranium until it became plutonium ... and to achieve a functioning reactor, Esau had thought he needed enormous quantities of heavy water, which was exceedingly rare and precious. Even then it remained a matter for conjecture, because
Now, though, Esau was bringing them sufficient inspiration, thanks to Graham Fox.
He allowed himself to smile as they drove into the muddy courtyard outside the wooden barracks. Dark stains showed where rain had soaked through the plank walls. All around, the city of Berlin pressed close, too close perhaps for such dangerous research as this, but it did make a perfect hiding place.
A dim shadow behind one of the windows watched the staff car pull up, then ducked back. Esau hoped the observer would inform the rest of the physicists exactly who had arrived for a visit.
They had come to accuse Professor Werner Heisenberg of treason.
A week before, when the Reich post had delivered a letter with Belgian postmark, Professor Esau took notice. He held up the stained envelope and frowned; it looked like cheap stationery inside. He did not recognize the bold handwriting on the address with its excessive loops and flourishes. With a letter opener he slashed open the edge.
He recognized the handwriting on the letter inside immediately. Graham Fox! It was impossible, but he could not stop himself from a smile such as he had not worn since his student days at Cambridge. He wondered how Fox had managed to get a letter through the postal blockades to Germany. But none of Esau’s initial astonishment compared to what he felt upon reading the terse but profound message.
... So, my dear friend, Fermi has achieved a self-sustaining neutron reaction moderated by graphite blocks. By virtue of Germany’s superior physicists, Heisenberg’s group should have come to this discovery on their own—could he perhaps be leading you down the wrong path? After all, no one would question Heisenberg’s claims. I will do what I can here because we must maintain parity. All humanity is at risk. Must count on you, Abraham.
At that moment Esau’s secretary—the same one who had bungled his invitation to the physics conference, and then bungled his subsequent apology letter—appeared at the door with some inane question. Esau’s shouting fit sent her scurrying back into the hall. Her heels echoed on the tile floor like gunshots.
Esau clutched the letter with sweaty fingers. A nuclear reaction moderated by graphite! Esau was astounded. According to all their careful studies—no, he corrected himself, not careful enough—they had thought heavy water was the only substance that could appropriately moderate a reacting pile. How could they have missed something as simple and common as graphite?
A nuclear reactor could produce a different element, a new element beyond uranium on the periodic table, that could be used as a substitute for the rare isotope uranium-235 in an atomic bomb. In 1940 the American Edwin McMillan, working at the University of California at Berkeley, had artificially created “element 93” by bombarding uranium with neutrons. Since uranium had been named after the planet Uranus, McMillan had decided to call his new element “neptunium” after the planet Neptune.
But physical theory predicted that the next artificial element in the series, element 94, would be a candidate for fission, just like uranium-235. Element 94 did not exist in nature, but in all likelihood could be made in the laboratory. But only if they could keep a nuclear chain reaction going. Continuing the scheme of using planetary names, this element should be named after the newly discovered ninth planet Pluto. Plutonium?
If they could produce enough of this new plutonium, Esau would not need to worry about the incredible difficulties of separating uranium-235 from the rest of the ore. They could have a German bomb sooner than expected.
But for that they needed a working reactor to “cook” the uranium until it became plutonium ... and to achieve a functioning reactor, Esau had thought he needed enormous quantities of heavy water, which was exceedingly rare and precious. Even then it remained a matter for conjecture, because
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