The Library of Greek Mythology (Oxford World's Classics) by Apollodorus, Robin Hard Page B
Authors: Apollodorus, Robin Hard
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Hes.
Shield
357 ff).
the son of Licymnios : Oionos (P. 3. 15. 4f.), said to have been the first Olympic victor in the foot-race (Pind.
ol
. 10. 64 ff).Licymnios, who went into exile with Amphitryon, p. 69, was the half-brother of Heracles’ mother, so Heracles was bound to avenge the murder of his son. This campaign is important dynastically because it caused Tyndareus to be restored to the Spartan throne. According to Pausanias, Heracles attacked at once in a fury, but was wounded and withdrew (3. 15. 5), and returned later with an army after he had been cured by Asclepios (3. 19. 7).
raped Auge . . . the daughter o/Aleos : Aleos was king of Tegea, and founder of the temple of Athene Alea (P. 8. 4. 8). The tradition is complex and contradictory; Ap. follows the Tegean temple legend, in which Heracles raped Auge by a fountain north of the temple, P. 8. 47. 4, as against the tradition in which he fathered the child in Asia Minor on the way to Troy (e.g. Hes.
Cat
. fr. 165). In another version of the Tegean story, the birth of Telephos resulted from a love affair (P. 8. 4. 8 f., after Hecataeus) rather than a rape.
by a plague : because of Auge’s sacrilegious use of the sacred precinct. When Ap. refers to this episode again on p. 116, he says that the sacrilege caused the land to become barren; Wagner’s suggestion that the original reading here was
limoi
, by a famine, rather than
loimoi
, by a plague, is quite plausible.
Telephos : the name is explained as a combination of
thele
(teat) and
elaphos
(deer).
Deianeira, the daughter of Oineus : see also p. 40; she was the sister of Meleager, who is said to have suggested the marriage to Heracles when they met in Hades (Bacch. 5. 165 ff., cf. sc.
Il
. 21. 194).
that of Amaltheia : the cornucopia. Here Amaltheia is the nymph who fed the infant Zeus on milk from her goat (as against the goat itself on p. 28, cf. Hyg.
PA
13 for both versions). According to Zenobius, 2. 48, Zeus turned the goat into a constellation in gratitude, but gave one of its horns to the nymphs who had cared for him, endowing it with the power to produce whatever they wished; in that case, Amaltheia’s horn would not be a bull’s horn as stated here. DS 4. 35. 4 offers a rationalized account identifying it with the horn broken from Acheloos.
Ceux : a son of one of Amphitryon’s brothers, and thus a relative of Heracles (sc. Soph.
Track
. 40; not the son of Heosphoros on p. 38, etc.); he later sheltered the sons of Heracles, p. 92. Heracles appeared in the
Marriage of Ceux
, a lost epic that the ancients attributed to Hesiod.
vengeance on Eurytos : for refusing to give him Iole after he had won the contest for her hand, p. 84. This episode was treated in an early epic, the
Sack of Oichalia
. There was disagreement on the location of Oichalia (cf. P. 4. 2. 3), but Euboea was the most favoured locality, which is consistent with the indications here (notably the remark on p. 85 that Eurytos’ cattle were stolen from Euboea).
into the Euhoean Sea : following Ov.
Met
. 9. 218 (cf.
Ibis
492, and VM 1. 58 and 2. 165), to replace ‘from Boeotia’ in the manuscripts, which is evidently corrupt because he was at Cenaion, the northwestern promontory of Euboea.
Poias : the Argonaut, p. 50, and father of Philoctetes, p. 121. Although it was more commonly said that Philoctetes lit the pyre and was given Heracles’ bow in return (e.g. Soph.
Philoctetes
801 ff., DS 4. 38. 4), this may well be the earlier tradition.
raised him up to heaven : the apotheosis of Heracles is a relatively late element in the tradition. He is clearly regarded as mortal in
Il
. 18. 117 ff; in the
Odyssey
, Odysseus meets Heracles in Hades, 11. 601–27 (although there is an awkward interpolation after the first line, stating that the Heracles in Hades was only a phantom,
eidolon
, and the real Heracles was in heaven with Hebe, 602–4; a similar passage in
Theog
., 950 ff, that refers to his marriage in Olympos is also regarded as
Shield
357 ff).
the son of Licymnios : Oionos (P. 3. 15. 4f.), said to have been the first Olympic victor in the foot-race (Pind.
ol
. 10. 64 ff).Licymnios, who went into exile with Amphitryon, p. 69, was the half-brother of Heracles’ mother, so Heracles was bound to avenge the murder of his son. This campaign is important dynastically because it caused Tyndareus to be restored to the Spartan throne. According to Pausanias, Heracles attacked at once in a fury, but was wounded and withdrew (3. 15. 5), and returned later with an army after he had been cured by Asclepios (3. 19. 7).
raped Auge . . . the daughter o/Aleos : Aleos was king of Tegea, and founder of the temple of Athene Alea (P. 8. 4. 8). The tradition is complex and contradictory; Ap. follows the Tegean temple legend, in which Heracles raped Auge by a fountain north of the temple, P. 8. 47. 4, as against the tradition in which he fathered the child in Asia Minor on the way to Troy (e.g. Hes.
Cat
. fr. 165). In another version of the Tegean story, the birth of Telephos resulted from a love affair (P. 8. 4. 8 f., after Hecataeus) rather than a rape.
by a plague : because of Auge’s sacrilegious use of the sacred precinct. When Ap. refers to this episode again on p. 116, he says that the sacrilege caused the land to become barren; Wagner’s suggestion that the original reading here was
limoi
, by a famine, rather than
loimoi
, by a plague, is quite plausible.
Telephos : the name is explained as a combination of
thele
(teat) and
elaphos
(deer).
Deianeira, the daughter of Oineus : see also p. 40; she was the sister of Meleager, who is said to have suggested the marriage to Heracles when they met in Hades (Bacch. 5. 165 ff., cf. sc.
Il
. 21. 194).
that of Amaltheia : the cornucopia. Here Amaltheia is the nymph who fed the infant Zeus on milk from her goat (as against the goat itself on p. 28, cf. Hyg.
PA
13 for both versions). According to Zenobius, 2. 48, Zeus turned the goat into a constellation in gratitude, but gave one of its horns to the nymphs who had cared for him, endowing it with the power to produce whatever they wished; in that case, Amaltheia’s horn would not be a bull’s horn as stated here. DS 4. 35. 4 offers a rationalized account identifying it with the horn broken from Acheloos.
Ceux : a son of one of Amphitryon’s brothers, and thus a relative of Heracles (sc. Soph.
Track
. 40; not the son of Heosphoros on p. 38, etc.); he later sheltered the sons of Heracles, p. 92. Heracles appeared in the
Marriage of Ceux
, a lost epic that the ancients attributed to Hesiod.
vengeance on Eurytos : for refusing to give him Iole after he had won the contest for her hand, p. 84. This episode was treated in an early epic, the
Sack of Oichalia
. There was disagreement on the location of Oichalia (cf. P. 4. 2. 3), but Euboea was the most favoured locality, which is consistent with the indications here (notably the remark on p. 85 that Eurytos’ cattle were stolen from Euboea).
into the Euhoean Sea : following Ov.
Met
. 9. 218 (cf.
Ibis
492, and VM 1. 58 and 2. 165), to replace ‘from Boeotia’ in the manuscripts, which is evidently corrupt because he was at Cenaion, the northwestern promontory of Euboea.
Poias : the Argonaut, p. 50, and father of Philoctetes, p. 121. Although it was more commonly said that Philoctetes lit the pyre and was given Heracles’ bow in return (e.g. Soph.
Philoctetes
801 ff., DS 4. 38. 4), this may well be the earlier tradition.
raised him up to heaven : the apotheosis of Heracles is a relatively late element in the tradition. He is clearly regarded as mortal in
Il
. 18. 117 ff; in the
Odyssey
, Odysseus meets Heracles in Hades, 11. 601–27 (although there is an awkward interpolation after the first line, stating that the Heracles in Hades was only a phantom,
eidolon
, and the real Heracles was in heaven with Hebe, 602–4; a similar passage in
Theog
., 950 ff, that refers to his marriage in Olympos is also regarded as
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