2014.
Answers to the Exercises
Recall ( page 20 ) and Recognition ( page 28 )
1. Springfield
2. Judy Garland
3. Gerald Ford
4. Rudolph Giuliani
Understanding the Memory Process ( pages 29 – 30 )
When you go to the library and see a lot of colorful books on the “new books” shelf, the component of memory you are using is sensory input. You read through the titles and think about whether they interest you. These conscious thoughts occur in the component of memory called working memory. Then you find a book by a favorite author, John Grisham. You take down the book, notice how long it is, read the back cover, think it sounds familiar, and decided that you have read this book before. This process is called encoding. The information about the book leaves your conscious thought and goes into the component of memory called long-term memory, where it may be available for retrieval at another time. Whenyou get home, you notice another of Grisham’s books on your nightstand. This favorite book serves as a cue to remind you of the book in the library. The connection between the library book and your book at home is called association.
How Memory Works ( page 31 )
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. F
Learning New Information ( pages 44 – 45 )
1. People who are depressed or anxious.
2. One example of a distorted thought is “I am worthless.”
3. A depressed person is less likely to be active.
4. One problem-solving strategy is to break problems into small steps.
How Memory Changes ( pages 49 – 50 )
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
Factors That Affect Memory ( page 89 )
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. T
7. F
8. T
9. F
10. T
Association ( pages 99 – 100 )
1. Since you are going to the doctor, associate “west” with “wellness”—both words begin with W.
2. Associate 2008 with the fact that you were born in 1948. Or if you don’t have a convenient birthdate, you could say, “ Eight was the End of my working life.”
3. Associate “Campbell” with Campbell’s soup and “Rose” with the red of the label on the soup can. It may help to visualize her face on a Campbell’s soup can.
4. Associate the name “Turner” with turning your health around. Say to yourself several times, “Turner turned my health around.”
Visualization ( pages 102 – 103 )
1. Visualize a giant hammer hitting a man .
2. Imagine your car being towed with a cord .
3. Visualize a woman sitting in the park with the sun beating down on her shoulders.
4. Visualize five balloons tied to your car antenna.
5. Visualize yourself paying for a tank of gas and asking the attendant for a replacement windshield wiper.
Environmental Change ( pages 114 – 115 )
1. Put the laptop in front of the door as soon as you think about returning it.
2. Write yourself a note in big letters on the grocery bag so that when you unpack the groceries you’ll see it.
3. Put a note in your purse or gym bag. When you unpack the bag or open the purse, you will be reminded of the book. As soon as you think of it, put the book with your exercise clothes or equipment. (You might also put the responsibilityback on the person who wants the favor, and ask her to text your cell phone or call your home phone and leave a message.)
4. Put a big sign on the bathroom mirror or on the kitchen counter.
5. Change your watch or ring to the other hand.
The Story Method ( page 123 )
1. Envision a birthday cake shaped like a safe. You use a key to open it and find a huge pile of money.
2. See yourself breaking the bottle of cologne and sweeping up the pieces into a box of stationery.
First-Letter Cues ( pages 125 – 126 )
1. Mother Always Liked Rose Best.
2. CAR or ARC
Create a Word ( page 127 )
1. Plum
2. Robot
3. Glow
4. String
5. Hold
Categorization ( page 128 )
Cue Yourself ( page 131 )
George W. Bush and Al Gore
Letter Cues ( pages 132 – 133 )
Beginning Letter
Fruit with a P: peach
Animal with a D: donkey
Metal with an I: iron
Bird with a B: bobolink
Country with an F:
Answers to the Exercises
Recall ( page 20 ) and Recognition ( page 28 )
1. Springfield
2. Judy Garland
3. Gerald Ford
4. Rudolph Giuliani
Understanding the Memory Process ( pages 29 – 30 )
When you go to the library and see a lot of colorful books on the “new books” shelf, the component of memory you are using is sensory input. You read through the titles and think about whether they interest you. These conscious thoughts occur in the component of memory called working memory. Then you find a book by a favorite author, John Grisham. You take down the book, notice how long it is, read the back cover, think it sounds familiar, and decided that you have read this book before. This process is called encoding. The information about the book leaves your conscious thought and goes into the component of memory called long-term memory, where it may be available for retrieval at another time. Whenyou get home, you notice another of Grisham’s books on your nightstand. This favorite book serves as a cue to remind you of the book in the library. The connection between the library book and your book at home is called association.
How Memory Works ( page 31 )
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. F
Learning New Information ( pages 44 – 45 )
1. People who are depressed or anxious.
2. One example of a distorted thought is “I am worthless.”
3. A depressed person is less likely to be active.
4. One problem-solving strategy is to break problems into small steps.
How Memory Changes ( pages 49 – 50 )
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
Factors That Affect Memory ( page 89 )
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. T
7. F
8. T
9. F
10. T
Association ( pages 99 – 100 )
1. Since you are going to the doctor, associate “west” with “wellness”—both words begin with W.
2. Associate 2008 with the fact that you were born in 1948. Or if you don’t have a convenient birthdate, you could say, “ Eight was the End of my working life.”
3. Associate “Campbell” with Campbell’s soup and “Rose” with the red of the label on the soup can. It may help to visualize her face on a Campbell’s soup can.
4. Associate the name “Turner” with turning your health around. Say to yourself several times, “Turner turned my health around.”
Visualization ( pages 102 – 103 )
1. Visualize a giant hammer hitting a man .
2. Imagine your car being towed with a cord .
3. Visualize a woman sitting in the park with the sun beating down on her shoulders.
4. Visualize five balloons tied to your car antenna.
5. Visualize yourself paying for a tank of gas and asking the attendant for a replacement windshield wiper.
Environmental Change ( pages 114 – 115 )
1. Put the laptop in front of the door as soon as you think about returning it.
2. Write yourself a note in big letters on the grocery bag so that when you unpack the groceries you’ll see it.
3. Put a note in your purse or gym bag. When you unpack the bag or open the purse, you will be reminded of the book. As soon as you think of it, put the book with your exercise clothes or equipment. (You might also put the responsibilityback on the person who wants the favor, and ask her to text your cell phone or call your home phone and leave a message.)
4. Put a big sign on the bathroom mirror or on the kitchen counter.
5. Change your watch or ring to the other hand.
The Story Method ( page 123 )
1. Envision a birthday cake shaped like a safe. You use a key to open it and find a huge pile of money.
2. See yourself breaking the bottle of cologne and sweeping up the pieces into a box of stationery.
First-Letter Cues ( pages 125 – 126 )
1. Mother Always Liked Rose Best.
2. CAR or ARC
Create a Word ( page 127 )
1. Plum
2. Robot
3. Glow
4. String
5. Hold
Categorization ( page 128 )
Cue Yourself ( page 131 )
George W. Bush and Al Gore
Letter Cues ( pages 132 – 133 )
Beginning Letter
Fruit with a P: peach
Animal with a D: donkey
Metal with an I: iron
Bird with a B: bobolink
Country with an F:
Similar Books
